The glacier collapse that triggered a devastating landslide and flash floods along the Nepal-China border, killing more than 1,100 people, showed visible signs of instability days before the disaster, according to a new report by the HiRISK scientific consortium. Scientists reported “pre-event indications,” including meltwater that had turned visibly brown and signs of a crack propagating into the surrounding bedrock slope. The findings have raised fresh questions over the lack of operational early warning systems for glacier-related hazards in the remote Himalayan region. Scientists said more comprehensive systems downstream could have saved a “significant number of lives.” The report was published last week.